ADHD Medications: Your Most Asked Questions Answered
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental condition that affects both children and adults. While therapy, lifestyle changes, and coaching play significant roles in managing symptoms, medication is often a key component of treatment.If you or a loved one has been prescribed ADHD medication, you may have many questions about its effects, side effects, and long-term impact. Below, we answer some of the most frequently asked questions about ADHD medications to help you make informed decisions.
What is ADHD? ADHD is a condition that makes it hard for people to focus, control their impulses, and manage their physical energy. It starts in childhood but often continues into adulthood. Adults with ADHD might struggle with being easily distracted, staying organized, finishing tasks, and managing time. They may also have difficulty with emotions, which can sometimes make them feel overly sensitive or "short-fused."Many adults with ADHD are restless and may turn to work or sports to channel their energy. Unfortunately, some also turn to substances like caffeine, nicotine, or even illicit drugs like cannabis or cocaine to cope. ADHD can affect relationships and work performance, leading to low self-esteem.
What Causes ADHD? ADHD is mostly inherited, meaning it runs in families. It can also develop due to factors like traumatic brain injury, lack of oxygen, infection, or prenatal exposure to substances like alcohol or nicotine.ADHD is a brain condition, not caused by poor parenting or stress. It involves issues with brain systems that regulate attention and impulse control. These brain differences can affect things like starting tasks, controlling behavior, and managing emotions. The right treatment can help manage these symptoms and improve functioning.
Why Do You Need a Diagnostic Assessment? If you're having trouble focusing or staying still, it doesn't necessarily mean you have ADHD. A proper assessment from a healthcare professional is needed to confirm the diagnosis. There’s no single test to diagnose ADHD, so professionals use interviews and questionnaires, as well as input from family members or teachers, to assess symptoms and rule out other causes.If you or a family member has been diagnosed with ADHD, it can be a relief to finally have an explanation for the struggles you've been experiencing.
What Does an ADHD Assessment Involve? An ADHD assessment usually starts with an interview where the healthcare provider asks about your symptoms and how they affect your daily life. They may also talk to people who know you well, such as family members or teachers, and assess for any other mental health issues. A thorough assessment is important because ADHD symptoms can overlap with other conditions, like anxiety or depression. Based on the results, your healthcare provider will help develop a treatment plan that works for you.
What is the Treatment for ADHD? While therapy and lifestyle changes play an important role in managing ADHD, medication is often necessary to help improve focus and reduce impulsivity. There are two main types of medications used to treat ADHD:
- Stimulants: These are the most common and effective medications for ADHD. They include methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamines (Adderall, Vyvanse).
- Non-Stimulants: If stimulants aren’t effective or cause side effects, options like atomoxetine (Strattera) or guanfacine (Intuniv) may be used.
Medication can help improve focus and behavior, but it’s important to remember that it’s just one part of the treatment plan. Many people with ADHD also benefit from lifestyle changes, therapy, and support in school or the workplace.
What Are the Most Common ADHD Medications? The most common ADHD medications are stimulants, including:
- Methylphenidate (e.g., Ritalin, Concerta, Biphentin)
- Amphetamines (e.g., Adderall, Vyvanse, Dexedrine)
If stimulants aren’t effective or have side effects, non-stimulant options like atomoxetine (Strattera) or guanfacine (Intuniv) can be considered. These medications are often used as alternatives when stimulants don’t work well.
Why Do I Need to Complete PHQ-9, GAD-7, and Blood Pressure Checks Before My Refill Appointment? If you’re taking ADHD or other mental health medications, your healthcare provider may ask you to complete the PHQ-9 (for depression), GAD-7 (for anxiety), and a blood pressure check before your next appointment.
Why Are These Important?
- PHQ-9 & GAD-7: These questionnaires help assess your emotional well-being, as depression and anxiety are common in people with ADHD. By regularly checking in on these symptoms, your provider can adjust your treatment plan if needed.
- Blood Pressure Check: Stimulants like Adderall and Vyvanse can increase your heart rate and blood pressure. Checking your blood pressure ensures your medication is not negatively affecting your heart health.
Can Nurse Practitioners (NPs) Prescribe ADHD Medications in Virtual Care? Yes, Nurse Practitioners (NPs) in British Columbia can diagnose and prescribe ADHD medications, including stimulants, in virtual care settings. While NPs can prescribe ADHD medications, they’ll monitor your progress with regular check-ins to ensure that the medication is effective and doesn’t cause unwanted side effects. However, it's important to remember that some pharmacies may have policies around filling prescriptions for controlled substances, like stimulants, from virtual providers. Be sure to check with your pharmacy ahead of time.
No diagnosis yet? Use the link at the end of this article to sign up for an ADHD assessment.
How Can I Get Coverage for ADHD Medications in BC? If the cost of ADHD medication is a concern, there are options for coverage:
- BC PharmaCare (Fair PharmaCare Program) provides financial assistance based on income. If you’re a BC resident, you can apply for this coverage online.
- Private Insurance Plans may also cover ADHD medications, so check with your provider to see if they offer coverage for ADHD treatment.
Where Can I Get Help in a Mental Health Crisis? If you or someone you know is experiencing a mental health crisis, immediate help is available:
- Talk Suicide Canada – Call 1-833-456-4566 (24/7) or text 45645 (4 PM – 12 AM ET)
- Kids Help Phone – Call 1-800-668-6868 or text CONNECT to 686868
- Hope for Wellness (Indigenous Support) – Call 1-855-242-3310 (24/7)
- BC Crisis Centre – Call 310-6789 (no area code needed)
If there is an immediate danger, call 911 or go to the nearest emergency room.
Think You Need an ADHD Assessment? If you suspect you or a loved one may have ADHD, you can get a professional assessment with us. To get started, visit our ADHD assessment page and take the first step towards better understanding and managing ADHD.
